Art movements is a style or genre in art with a specific philosophy and followed by a group of artists during a specific period of time.
Art movements were important in the modernism period. Each
movement was often considered as a new avant-garde and against
the period before.
The names of many art movements use
the -ism suffix and they are often referred to as "isms".
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| Abstract Art - Nonfigurative |
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Abstract art is
art that does not illustrate objects in the natural world
but use colour and form in a non-representational way or
art which has been distilled from the real world.
Abstract
art is not really abstract and more precise terms are "non-figurative
art" "non-objective art" or "non-representational art".
Abstract = existing only in the mind = abstract words
like truth and justice.
Non-figurative art = not representing
or imitating external reality or objects of nature.
Non-objective
art = art that is not representational, containing no recognizable
figures or objects.
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| Abstrakt Expressionism |
Abstract expressionism was an American post World War
II art movement. It was the first American movement to achieve
worldwide influence. The term "Abstract expressionism" was
first applied to American art in 1946 by the art critic
Robert Coates.
Jackson Pollock's dripping paint onto
a canvas laid on the floor is a technique that has its roots
in the work of Max Ernst. Another important early manifestation
of what came to be abstract expressionism is the work of
Mark Tobey.
In practice, the term abstract expressionism
is applied to a number of artists working in New York.
Pollock's energetic action paintings are different both
technically and aesthetically to the figurative paintings
of Willem de Kooning and to the blocks of colour in Mark
Rothko's work, yet all three are classified as abstract
expressionists.
Artists:
Barnett Newman, Mark
Rothko, Clyfford Still, Willem de Kooning, Helen Frankenthaler,
Sam Francis, Franz Kline, Morris Louis, Robert Motherwell,
Cy Twombley.
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| Art Brut - Raw Art - Outsider Art |
The term Outsider Art was coined by art critic Roger
Cardinal in 1972 as an English synonym for Art Brut (= Raw
Ar or Rough Art).
French artist Jean Dubuffet to describe
art created outside the boundaries of official culture;
Dubuffet focused particularly on art by insane asylum inmates.
Dubuffet's term is specific and the English term "Outsider
Art" is more broadly to include even certain self-taught
or Naïve artists.
Outsider Artists have little or no
contact with the institutions of the mainstream art world.
Much Outsider Art illustrates extreme mental states, unconventional
ideas, or elaborate fantasy worlds.
Artists:
Nek Chand,
Ferdinand Cheval, Henry Darger, Madge gill, Adolf Wölfli,
Abbé Fouré, Jean Dubuffet, Stephen Wiltshire.
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more about outsider art ... >>
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Portrait of Picasso, Juan Gris 1912 |
| Cubism |
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Cubism was a 20th century art movement that
revolutionized European painting and sculpture. It developed
as a highly significant art movement between about 1907
and 1914 in France. In cubist artworks, objects are broken
up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form. Instead
of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts
the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent
the subject in a greater context.
Artists:
Pablo Picasso,
Juan Gris, Georges Braques.
►
On-line Picasso Project
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| Dadaism |
Dada or Dadaism is a cultural movement that began during
World War I and peaked from 1916 to 1920. The movement involved
visual arts, painting, literature, poetry, performances,
art theory, theatre and graphic design.
Dada activities
included public gatherings, demonstrations and publication
of art/literary journals.
The movement influenced later
art movements, and groups including Surrealism, Pop Art
and Fluxus.
Artists:
John Heartfield, Jean Crotti,
Hans Arp, Hugo Ball, Max Ernst, Man Ray, Kurt Schwitters,
Sophie Täuber, André Breton, Max Jacob.
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Selfportrait, Egon Schiele (1890–1918)
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| Expressionism |
ca 1905 -ca 1920
Expressionism is a subjective art
form in witch the artist distort reality for an emotional
effect. Expressionism is exhibited in many art forms; painting,
literature, theatre, film, architecture and music.
Artists:
Edward Munch, Emil Nolde, Franz Marc, Otto
Dix, Max Beckman, Max Pechstein, Käthe Kollwitz, Wassily
Kandinsky, Egon Schiele, Oskar Kokoschska, Marc Chagall.
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Harmony in red, Henri Matisse
1908 |
| Fauvism |
Les Fauves, French for "The Wild Beasts", were a loose
group of artists in the early 20th century. They emphasized
painterly qualities and the imaginative use of colour over
the representational values retained by Impressionism.
Gustave Moreau, professor at the École des Beaux-Arts
in Paris, was the movement's inspirational teacher and he
inspired his students to think outside of the lines of formality
and to follow their visions.
Artists:
Henry Matisse,
André Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, Raol dufy, Georges Rouault,
Kees van Dongen.
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| Fluxus |
1960s (1970s)
Fluxus (from a Latin word meaning "to
flow") is an international network/art movement of
artists and composers blending different artistic media
and disciplines. They have been active in visual art, music,
literature, urban planning, architecture and design. Fluxus
is part Dada, part Bauhaus and part Zen, and believe that
all media and all disciplines are fair game for combination
and fusion.
Fluxus is described as "intermedia", a term
invented by Fluxus artist Dick Higgins in a famous 1966
essay.
The origins of Fluxus lie in many of the concepts
explored by composer John Cage in his experimental music
of the 1950s and his notions of chance in art, which he
explored through works such 4' 33".
Fluxus encouraged
a do it yourself aesthetic, and valued simplicity over complexity.
Like Dada before it, Fluxus included a strong current of
anti-commercialism and an anti-art sensibility, disparaging
the conventional market-driven art world in favor of an
artist-centered creative practice.
Artists:
George
Maciunas, Joseph Beuys, George Brecht, John Cage, Henry
Flynt, Ken Friedman, Bengt af Klintberg , Alison Knowles,
Takehisa Kosugi, Philip Krumm, Shigeko Kubota,
George Landow, Gustav Metzger, Larry Miller, Charlotte Moorman, Yoko Ono, Nam June Paik, Terry Riley, Dieter Roth, Carolee
Schneemann, Litsa Spathi, Daniel Spoerri, Yasunao Tone,
Cecil Touchon, Yoshi Wada, Emmett Williams, La Monte Young.
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